Research Progress of Quantum Repeaters

Abstract

At present, the main components of quantum communication channels are optical fibers and free space. However, whether it is a fiber channel or a free-space channel, the channel in which it propagates is affected by noise, resulting in loss or absorption of photons. Experimental studies have shown that the quantum key can basically meet the requirements of the local area network, and the safety distance is about 100km. However, if you want to achieve longer distance distribution, you can't do without quantum repeaters. The quantum repeater can divide the long-distance communication distance into several segments, and then perform quantum key distribution in several segments respectively; then establish a longer-distance EPR pair between adjacent nodes, and establish an EPR pair to utilize entanglement switching and Entanglement purification technology; finally repeat the above steps, and finally achieve long-distance information transmission. The development of quantum repeaters can solve the communication problems facing the world and promote the replacement of global communication methods.