Functions of the large maf transcription factors and macrophages

Abstract

Maf transcription factors are a group of transcription factors which possess the basic and leucine zipper (bZIP) structure and recognize a DNA sequence called Maf recognition element (MARE). Among the Maf transcription factors, MafB and c-Maf are expressed in the macrophages, where they are essential for regulating the fundamental functions of macrophages such as phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, promotion of cell survival, production of cytokines, and control of macrophage population. In addition, MafB regulates the balance of mono-macrophage lineage cells-the macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts. Thus, MafB and c-Maf are the two key transcription factors which play important roles in regulating the generation and function of macrophages.