Mechanism of Stimulation of Ribosomal Promoters by Binding of the +1 and +2 Nucleotides

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Abstract

The rate of transcription of Escherichia coli ribosomal RNA promoters is central to adjusting the cellular growth rate to nutritional conditions. The +1 initiating nucleotide and ppGpp are regulatory effectors of these promoters. The data herein show that in vitro transcription is also regulated by the +2 nucleotide. Both the +1 and +2 nucleotides act by driving polymerase into an altered conformation rather than by increasing the lifetime of transcription complexes. The unique design of the ribosomal promoters may stabilize a distorted state of polymerase that is relieved by the binding of the two nucleotides required for transcription initiation.

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Lew, C. M., & Gralla, J. D. (2004). Mechanism of Stimulation of Ribosomal Promoters by Binding of the +1 and +2 Nucleotides. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279(19), 19481–19485. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M401285200

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