Objective: The study aimed to report the efficacy and safety of anakinra treatment in patients with the refractory multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study consisting of pediatric patients diagnosed with MIS-C who were treated with anakinra. Results: Among the 378 patients diagnosed with MIS-C, 82 patients (21.6%) who were treated with anakinra were included in the study. The median age of patients was 115 (6-214) months. The median duration of hospitalization was 15 (6-42) days. Sixty patients (73.1%) were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Patients were treated with a median dose of 2.7 mg/kg/day anakinra concomitant with IVIG and steroids. Intravenous anakinra was applied to 12 patients while 70 patients received it subcutaneously. Twenty-eight patients required high dose (4–10 mg/kg/day) anakinra. The median day of anakinra initiation was 2 (1-14) days and the median duration of anakinra use was 7 (1-41) days. No injection site reactions were observed while elevated transaminase levels were detected in 13 patients. Seventy-three patients (89.1%) were discharged without any sequela or morbidity. Seven patients (1.8%) died. Abnormal echocardiographic findings continued in two patients (2.4%) (coronary artery dilatation in one, low ejection fraction in one) at discharge and became normal on the 2nd month. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, anakinra was associated with clinical improvements and was safe for most patients with refractory MIS-C.
CITATION STYLE
Çaǧlayan, Ş., Sönmez, H. E., Otar Yener, G., Baǧlan, E., Öztürk, K., Ulu, K., … Sözeri, B. (2022). Anakinra treatment in multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.942455
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