Association between components of metabolic syndrome and elevated intraocular pressure

Abstract

Background: Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve and ultimately vision loss. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) remains as the one major known risk factor for both the development and progression of glaucoma. Metabolic syndrome (MS) have been found to relate to elevated IOP. The aim of the study is to examine the association between MS and IOP by comparing central corneal thicknesses (CCT).Methods: The study was carried out with 169 subjects consists of 94 were clinically diagnosed MS patients and 75 are healthy controls. Serum fasting glucose, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels were measured, and waist circumference, body mass index and blood pressure of all patients were recorded. Ophthalmological examinations, including IOP and CCT measurements were done on everyone.Results: Higher IOP was observed in subjects with MS than those without MS. There was significant difference in the CCT values between the groups with and without MS (p<0.05). Most of the MS components were associated with IOP and CCT (p<0.05).Conclusions: The study concludes that components of MS have strong association with IOP and CCT. The prevalence of MS is increasing rapidly in developing countries and the main cause for MS is sedentary lifestyle. Since there is relationship between MS and IOP, lifestyle intervention might have therapeutic potential to reduce IOP. Further studies are warranted to bring about the possible underlying relationship between components of MS and IOP.