Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

Endometrial carcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic malignancy. A complete understanding of the epidemiology, histopathology, diagnosis, and management for this type of cancer allows a correct identification of women at increased risk, facilitating early diagnosis and improving the overall survival. New diagnostic exams are available to assist the clinicians in evaluating women with abnormal uterine bleeding that is the most common presenting symptom of endometrial cancer. Early diagnosis is based on the histological evaluation of hysteroscopic endometrial samples. After correct diagnosis and preoperative evaluation, patients usually undergo surgical treatment including total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with or without pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy, according to cancer grade and stage. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be offered to improve the outcome of some patients. Nowadays an alternative hysteroscopic conservative treatment could be proposed to younger patients with diagnosis of early endometrioid adenocarcinoma. However more studies are necessary to standardize the conservative management.