CYP polymorphism and its association with tobacco usage and susceptibility to head and neck cancer

Abstract

Aim: To analyse the association between polymorphisms of CYP genes and the risk for head and neck cancer susceptibility. Materials and Methods: A case-control study using molecular epidemiological method was conducted. Various polymorphism of CYP1A1 gene from DNA samples of 105 cases and 110 controls were detected by PCR method. Results: All sites of CYP1A1 in HNC cases showed no significant results in relation to the three genotypes i.e., Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val. Larynx is significant in relation to CYP2E1 I/I genotype whereas oral cavity and pharynx showed no significant results. In CYP1A1, except for Ile/Val, the other two Ile/Ile and Val/Val showed no significant results and in CYP2E1 all the genotypes i.e., I/I, I/I and i/I shows significant results. Together, all the three genotypes of CYP1A1(Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val) were statistically significant whereas in CYP2E1 except I/I, the remaining two genotypes (I/I and i/i) were statistically significant. When combination of both the genes are considered, Ile/Val in CYP1A1 and I/i and i/I in CYP2E1 show high significance. Conclusion: CYP1A1 Ile/Val and CYP2E1 I/i and i/i genotypes showed genetic susceptibility biomarkers for head and neck cancers. Risk increases when the metabolic enzymes as products of these genes seem to interact with tobacco carcinogens, the mechanism of which is still not understood.