The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on the decline of lung function in a health screening population

Abstract

Background: Although Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has long been associated with many extragastric diseases, its long-term effects on declining lung function and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains controversial. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in a health screening population (Gene-Environment of Interaction and Phenotype Cohort at Seoul National University Gangnam Health Center in Korea) recruited from 2004 to 2015. The annual decline rates of lung function and the risk for COPD were compared to the seropositivity for H. pylori. We also assessed the impact of the H. pylori eradication treatment on lung function. Results: Among 3,619 subjects, 1,849 subjects (51.1%) tested positive for H. pylori-specific IgG. In the first year, 95 (2.6%) patients were diagnosed with COPD. however, there was no difference in seropositivity for H. pylori in patients with COPD compared to non-COPD subjects (P=0.756). There was no significant difference in the incidence of COPD between the seronegative (2.2%) and the seropositive group (2.0%; P=0.728) even during the follow-up period. The decline rates of the mean FVC and FEV1 were not different between the seronegative and seropositive group (35.38 vs. 34.34 mL/year for FVC, P=0.389; 39.23 vs. 37.49 mL/year for FEV1, P=0.086). The eradication treatment for H. pylori did not affect the decline rates of mean FVC and FEV1. Conclusions: Infection or eradication treatment of H. pylori was not associated with the decline of lung function or COPD progression in this general population health screening. As a result, H. pylori may not be a significant contributor to deteriorating lung function.