Enhanced ni-al-based catalysts and influence of aromatic hydrocarbon for autothermal reforming of diesel surrogate fuel

Abstract

Aromatic hydrocarbons along with sulfur compounds in diesel fuel pose a significant threat to catalytic performances, due mainly to carbon deposition on the catalytic surface. In order to investigate the influence of an aromatic hydrocarbon on the autothermal reforming of diesel fuel, 1-methylnaphthalene (C11 H10) was selected as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Two types of diesel surrogate fuel, i.e., DH (dodecane (C12 H26) and hexadecane (C16 H34) mixture) as well as DHM (DH fuel and C11 H10 mixture) fuel, were prepared. A Rh-Al-based catalyst (R5A-I) was prepared using a conventional impregnation method. Various Ni-Al-based catalysts with Fe and Rh promoters were prepared via a polymer modified incipient method to improve the carbon coking resistance. These catalysts were tested under conditions of S/C = 1.17, O2 /C = 0.24, 750◦ C, and GHSV = 12,000 h−1 at DH or DHM fuel. R5A-I exhibited excellent catalytic performance in both DH and DHM fuels. However, carbon coking and sulfur poisoning resistance were observed in our previous study for the Ni-Al-based catalyst with the Fe promoter, which became deactivated with increasing reaction time at the DHM fuel. In the case of the Rh promoter addition to the Ni-Al-based catalysts, the catalytic performances decreased relatively slowly with increasing (from 1 wt.% (R1N50A) to 2 wt.% (R2N50A)) content of Rh2 O3 at DHM fuel. The catalysts were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected various types of hydrocarbons, e.g., ethylene (C2 H4), with catalyst deactivation. The results revealed that, among the produced hydrocarbons, C2 H4 played a major role in accelerating carbon deposition that blocks the reforming reaction. Therefore, Rh metal deserves consideration as a carbon coking inhibitor that prevents the negative effects of the C2 H4 for autothermal reforming of diesel fuel in the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons.