Proximate composition and antioxidant activity of Panaeolus antillarium, a wild coprophilous mushroom

Abstract

Panaeolus antillarium remains to be underutilized mycological resource in the Philippines. Thus, this present work established the nutraceutical and funtional attributes of this coprophilous mushroom. The mycochemical and proximate nutrient composition were analyzed and its antioxidant activity as affected by the different media and pH levels was studied. Radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content were used as parameters for antioxidant property. Extracts of P. antillarium contained appreciable amounts of alkaloids, saponins, and cardiac glycosides. Nutrient composition analysis revealed that mycelia had higher amounts of crude fiber (7.05 ± 0.04), crude fat (1.96 ± 0.06), moisture (11.85 ± 0.01) and total carbohydrate (61.12 ± 0.01) than its corresponding fruiting bodies. On the other hand, the fruiting bodies had higher amounts of ash (5.26 ± 0.03), crude protein (16.77 ± 0.01), and energy value (321.49 ± 0.04) than its mycelia. Potato broth significantly had the highest mean volume loss (14.5 ± 2.50 ml), mycelia weight (4.5 ± 0.65 g), scavenging activity (16.06 ± 0.51%) and phenolic content (25.07 ± 0.02 mg AAE/g sample). However, varying pH levels of potato broth did not significantly affect the mycelial growth, but pH 7.0 recorded the highest scavenging activity (17.39 ± 0.19%) and total phenolic content (25.11 ± 0.01 mg AAE/g sample). Herein, these significant data suggest that P. antillarium is another potential source of substances and nutrients with functional attributes such as antioxidant which strongly infuenced by different media and pH levels.