Review of Various Two-Phase Authentication Mechanisms on Ease of Use and Security Enhancement Parameters

Abstract

We are living in a digital era, where most of the critical information whether it is confidential, academic documents or chats and even money transaction is being done in digital format. Digital technology is progressing at its large because of its ease and speed. With this digital data advancement, responsibility and core need arises for its security arises. For protecting data, authentication mechanism plays a major role. Authentication mechanism assures security of data by allowing legitimate users to access it. Using single-phase authentication mechanism (UID and password) is the easiest and convenient mechanism to implement and use in past days. For preserving data from false access, there is a need to develop more protected authentication mechanism which cannot be easily penetrated. This gave birth to two-phase authentication mechanisms that are commonly known as two-factor authentication mechanisms. Two-phase authentication mechanisms provide additional security by adding one more factor for authentication in traditional single-phase authentication mechanisms. There are lots of two-phase authentication mechanisms that developed with technological advancement. In this paper, we will review various two-phase authentication mechanisms by considering security enhancement they provide and ease of use in their implementation.