THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN AMERICA: OVERVIEW

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), commit 193 countries to improving environmental, social and economic indicators through their performance on 169 targets by 2030 in order to achieve compliance with the Paris Agreement. However, development dynamics in relation to the SDGs change over time and with this, countries do not identify the strengths and weaknesses in which the reality of their territory is visible, in addition to the indicators they have been addressed individually because its multidimensionality generates divergent results. In this sense, the objective of this review is to analyze the state of evolution of the SDGs in America and particularly in Colombia. To analyze the SDG dynamics in 32 countries of America, we systematize the official indicator data from 2010 to 2019 and United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) indicators, taking into account variables such as per capita gross domestic product, greenhouse gas emissions and renewable energies. As expected, the countries presented different strength in the development of the indicators related to synergies and antagonisms of the SDGs. Also, it was possible to find a wide distribution in the advancement of SDGs, finding nine countries that managed to meet at least one of the goals, which allows make visible that each of the nations has taken government initiatives to achieve development and quality of life its inhabitants.