Optimal location and sizing of DG for congestion management in deregulated power systems

Abstract

In restructured environment, with ever-increasing demand of electricity consumption and increasing open access, transmission line congestion is quite frequent. For maximum benefit and mitigation of congestion, proper sizing and location of distributed generators are necessary. This paper presents a simple method for optimal sizing and optimal placement of distributed generators. In this paper two methods are proposed for solving congestion management problem in a day ahead electricity market. In the first method the objectives considered are the minimization of the congestion cost and transmission line loss so as to relieve congestion in the system. These two objectives: (i) the cost of installation of DG and congestion index (ii) transmission line loss and congestion index, are considered to form a single objective and the problem is solved using Real coded Genetic Algorithm. This method gives only one compromised solution considering both the objectives, which does not provide any choice to the operators. Hence in the second method, both the objectives: congestion cost and transmission line loss are considered separately and solved as a multi-objective problem, using NSGA II method. This method gives a set of pareto optimal solution, so operator has a flexibility in choosing the solution based on the need. The proposed problem is implemented on IEEE 14 bus system. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.