Optimization of the Alpha-Amylase Production from Microbial Source: A Systematic Review of Experimental Studies

Abstract

Context: The growth and production of enzymes by microorganisms depend highly on the compounds and factors entering the system. Objectives: The present systematic review aimed to assess the optimized medium content to enhance alpha-amylase production from the microorganisms. Methods: The PubMed, Embase Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception to April 2022, restricted to the English language. The reference list of the included studies was cross-checked, and a partial gray literature search was undertaken. Alpha-amylase production from the microorganisms and optimized medium content by statistical design were the key evaluated outcomes. Results: Among 995 initially gathered litterateurs, 12 studies were included in this review, which involved bacteria (seven studies), yeasts (two studies), fungi (two studies), and protists (one study). The results indicated that the optimized medium composition by statistical design might increase alpha-amylase production. Conclusions: Growth conditions, including pH, temperature, and starch concentration, are essential to be optimized to improve alpha-amylase yield.