Evidence-Based Treatment of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity

Abstract

Data indicate that approximately 17% of children and adolescents in the United States between the ages of 2 and 19 are obese. The chapter authors outline the assessment processes including measurement of Body Mass Index, assessment of dietary intake, and assessment of physical activity. They review effective interventions for pediatric overweight and obesity which are typically behaviorally based and focus on increasing physical activity and/or decreasing caloric intake to achieve a negative energy balance. The most favorable outcomes for treatment of pediatric obesity can be expected from comprehensive behavioral lifestyle interventions that involve caregivers and other social supports as active participants in the lifestyle changes. Meta-analyses indicate that effective interventions for pediatric overweight and obesity typically feature behavioral components and focus on increasing physical activity and/or decreasing caloric intake to achieve a negative energy balance, and to establish new dietary and physical activity habits. Several well-established interventions have demonstrated efficacy for children and adolescents from diverse communities.