Ceramic Coating of Ti and Its Alloys Using Dry Processes for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

In this chapter, bioceramic coatings on Ti and its alloys are examined. Surface modification processes of metallic biomaterials are reviewed, and the formation and evaluation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and anatase-rich TiO2 coatings are described. Dry processes such as radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering and thermal oxidation are employed for coating. Ag-containing ACP coating films exhibited antibacterial activity through the continuous release of Ag ions, caused by the resorbability of ACP. Anatase-rich TiO2 layers fabricated by a two-step thermal oxidation process showed photodegradation of organic compounds under both UV- and visible-light irradiation. The introduction of Au into TiO2 layers from Ti-Au alloy substrates by thermal oxidation contributed to the expression of visible-light response.