Evaluation of Trends for Iron and Manganese Concentrations in Shallow Groundwater, Jakarta City

Abstract

Groundwater is one of the sources of clean water in DKI Jakarta. However, it was found that there is a decrease in groundwater quality. The objective of this study is to evaluate trends for iron and manganese concentration in shallow groundwater in Jakarta City from 2017-2020. Based on groundwater quality testing data, analysis and evaluation of groundwater causation were carried out by a spatial map of the distribution of DKI Jakarta groundwater quality. The results of the analysis show that some groundwater quality parameters experience fluctuations in the concentration of contaminants. Spatial maps produced through geographic information systems represent the distribution of patterns of groundwater quality distribution that occurred in the period 2017-2020 and 2022 using interpolation techniques. The amounts of manganese and iron in the groundwater of Jakarta are slightly higher than the permissible limits of national standards guidelines.