Modified CV flap for nipple reconstruction

Abstract

Athelia or absence of the nipple may be a congenital or acquired problem after mastectomy or trauma. Breast aesthetics is enhanced by nipple reconstruction, which aims to restore the natural appearance of the breast. The surgeon must consider the nipple location on the breast mound, nipple projection, scaring, and symmetry. A variety of pedicle flap-based reconstructions have been described. The C-V flap technique, designed to be used in conjunction with later areolar tattooing or grafting, offers an effective method of nipple reconstruction.