Randomized Test of an Implementation Intention-Based Tool to Reduce Stress-Induced Eating

Abstract

Background: Stress may indirectly contribute to disease (e.g. cardiovascular disease, cancer) by producing deleterious changes to diet.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of a stress management support (SMS) tool to reduce stress-related unhealthy snacking and to promote stress-related healthy snacking.Methods: Participants were randomized to complete a SMS tool with instruction to link stressful situations with healthy snack alternatives (experimental) or a SMS tool without a linking instruction (control). On-line daily reports of stressors and snacking were completed for 7 days.Results: Daily stressors were associated with unhealthy snack consumption in the control condition but not in the experimental condition. Participants highly motivated towards healthy eating consumed a greater number of healthy snacks in the experimental condition on stressful days compared to participants in the experimental condition with low and mean levels of motivation.Conclusions: This tool is an effective, theory driven, intervention that helps to protect against stress-induced high-calorie snack consumption.