Background: Primary thymic adenocarcinoma represents an exceptionally rare malignancy, for which the cornerstone of therapy is margin-negative resection, with radiation and systemic therapy reserved for invasive and advanced disease. Thymic adenocarcinoma has not been previously reported in the setting of a concomitant malignancy, as reported herein. Case presentation: We present a case of a 55-year-old previously healthy male diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, also found to have a mediastinal mass. Evaluation of the mediastinal mass with tumor markers, biopsies, and next-generation sequencing proved non-diagnostic, while he was simultaneously treated with induction chemotherapy to prevent leukemia-related blast crisis. After completing and recovering from induction chemotherapy, he underwent successful thymectomy during a chemotherapy holiday, with a margin-negative resection of thymic adenocarcinoma. He has subsequently recovered and undergone successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Conclusions: We present a case of synchronous adult acute myeloid leukemia and primary thymic adenocarcinoma requiring a tailored approach for management of simultaneous malignancies.
CITATION STYLE
O’Shea, A. E., Nissen, A. P., Bowen, D. K., Barnett, T. L., & Gustafson, J. D. (2022). Thymic adenocarcinoma presenting as an incidental mediastinal mass. Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13019-022-02000-8
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