Golija-Studenica Biosphere Reserve (Serbia) as a Driver of Change

Abstract

In the 50 years since the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) was launched, 727 sites in 131 countries have gained the status of biosphere reserve(BR). Golija-Studenica BR belongs to the group of BRs that have been active for thepast 20 years. This BR is one of the most prominent protected areas and the first ofits kind in Serbia. A balance between biodiversity conservation, as the primary goalof protection, and the promotion of sustainable profitable activities involving diverseactors has yet to be achieved. This research aims to provide a contextual understandingof changes in Golija-Studenica BR and draw lessons for future BR development.It relies on the experiential and practical knowledge of diverse stakeholders,including management bodies, the NGO sector and the local population itself. Themethodology is based on a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviewswith open-ended questions. Research results show that the BR model is a subtle,time-reliant driver of change, with some unintentional side-effects. It brings aboutchanges in how protected areas are managed, affects the economic behaviour of thelocal population, raises awareness about environmental issues, and has an impacton demographic trends and social change