Incidence and Outcome of Early Acute Kidney Injury in Critically-Ill Trauma Patients

Abstract

Objective:To determine the incidence and effect on mortality of early acute kidney injury in severely injured trauma patients using the Acute Kidney Injury Network creatinine criteria.Design:A retrospective cohort study of severely injured trauma patients admitted to the shock trauma intensive care unit.Setting:Texas Trauma Institute, a state designated level I trauma unit certified by the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma.Patients:901 severely injured trauma patients admitted over a 15 month period to the shock trauma intensive care unit.Interventions:Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data abstracted from an electronic trauma database.Measurements and Main Results:Of 901 eligible patients admitted to the shock trauma intensive care unit after traumatic injury, 54 patients (6%) developed acute kidney injury, of whom 10 (19%) required renal replacement therapy. The 30-day mortality rate for the entire cohort was 83/901 (9.2%). Patients with early acute kidney injury had a mortality rate of 16/54 (29.6%). When corrected for multiple covariates including injury severity scores, the development of early acute kidney injury was associated with a significantly higher risk of death at 30 days with an OR of 3.4 (95% CI 1.6-7.4).Conclusions:Applying the Acute Kidney Injury Network creatinine criteria in severely injured trauma patients, the incidence of early acute kidney injury was 6%. After correction for injury severity, development of early acute kidney injury was independently associated with significantly higher 30-day mortality. © 2013 Podoll et al.