IDH/MGMT-driven molecular classification of low-grade glioma is a strong predictor for long-term survival

Abstract

Background. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are rare brain neoplasms, with survival spanning up to a few decades. Thus, accurate evaluations on howbiomarkers impact survival among patients with LGG require long-term studies on samples prospectively collected over a long period. Methods. The 210 adult LGGs collected in our databank were screened for IDH1 and IDH2 mutations (IDHmut), MGMT gene promoter methylation (MGMTmet), 1p/19q loss of heterozygosity (1p19qloh), and nuclear TP53 immunopositivity (TP53pos). Multivariate survival analyses with multiple imputation of missing data were performed using either histopathology or molecular markers. Both models were compared using Akaike's information criterion (AIC). The molecular model was reduced by stepwise model selection to filter out the most critical predictors. A third model was generated to assess for various marker combinations. Results. Molecular parameters were better survival predictors than histology (DAIC = 12.5, P < .001). Forty-five percent of studied patients died. MGMTmet was positively associated with IDHmut (P < .05). Conclusion. By integrating networks of activated molecular glioma pathways, the model based on genotype better predicts prognosis than histology and, therefore, provides a more reliable tool for standardizing future treatment strategies. © The Author(s) 2013.