Personality as a predictor of HbA1c level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type of diabetes, accounting for around 90% of all cases worldwide. One means to strengthen the prevention and treatment of diabetes is via changes in self-management and lifestyle behaviors. However, lifestyle and personal health behaviors are strongly influenced by personality traits, and thus personality may play a significant role in such aspects as medication compliance, exercise habits, blood glucose monitoring, diet control, and maintenance of an ideal body weight. In this study, we examined whether certain personality traits of patients with T2DM are correlated with higher glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. A total of 214 participants with T2DM were recruited from an outpatient setting. Χ2 test and logistic regression analyses with 5 models were employed. The OR for the "neuroticism"trait was 3.199 (95% CI = 1.228-8.331, P=.017), and those with this trait were 3.199 times more likely to have higher HbA1c levels than those with the "openness-extraversion"personality trait. This strong relationship between neuroticism and a higher HbA1c level was also evident in models 2, 3, 4, and 5. One-way ANOVA also indicated that the group with the neuroticism personality trait had significantly different mean fasting glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. We found that a personality characterized by neuroticism is an independent predictor of higher HbA1c level in this study. We also found that people in the pre-contemplation and contemplation stages of exercise have higher HbA1c levels.