Phytochemistry and free radical scavenging activity of Asparagus laricinus

Abstract

This study reports on the phytochemistry and radical scavenging activity of Asparagus laricinus Burch (Asparagaceae) in order to explain the anti-cancer properties it possesses. The root extracts of Asparagus laricinus were qualitatively screened for antioxidant properties using 2, 2-diphenyl-l -picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), on silica gel GF254 TLC plates. Quantitative Radical scavenging activity using DPPH was also evaluated. The extracts were tested for the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids and steroids using standard phytochemical screening methods. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to further confirm the phytoconstituents. Three spots that exhibited antioxidant activity were resolved on the TLC plates. The free radical scavenging activity of A. laricinus extract was comparable with that of Trolox® and was dependent on the concentration of the extract. The aqueous extract of A. laricinus contained alkaloids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids while the ethanol and dichloromefhane extracts produced negative results. The phytoconstituents confirmed through the use of GC-MS were indole-3-carbinol, α-sitosterol and ferulic acid. The phytochemicals present and the antioxidant activity demonstrated by extracts of A. laricinus explain its in vitro anti-cancer properties as well as its continued use in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer and other ailments. © 2013 Asian Network for Scientific Information.