Strategies to minimize shunt complications and optimize long-term outcomes

Abstract

Hydrocephalus should be seen as a condition rather than a disease. Since different conditions can lead to hydrocephalus, the treatment has to be adapted and tailored to each patient. Whenever possible, the cause of hydrocephalus should be directly addressed. Tumor resection and endoscopic procedures for third ventriculostomy or cyst fenestration can often prevent the insertion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts. There is no ideal shunt so far; therefore, every effort and measures should be taken to avoid shunt insertion. It is so important to treat every hydrocephalous patient as individual case, and strategic planning should be made for a lifelong management.