STRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY HERBICIDE CLOMAZONE IN LEAVES OF ARBORESCENT SPECIES NATIVE TO BRAZIL

  • CABRAL C
  • SANTOS J
  • FERREIRA E
  • et al.
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Abstract

ABSTRACT Herbicide clomazone is highly soluble in water, which increases the risk of leaching, resulting in contamination of sources of groundwater and waterways, affecting non-target organisms, with possible degradation of riparian areas. The objective of this work was to investigate the possible anatomical modifications of the leaf tissue of twelve arborescent species native to Brazil grown in soil contaminated by clomazone, in order to microscopically characterize leaf damage caused by the herbicide, and investigate whether the structural damage precedes visible damage. Through micro morphometrics, the thickness and the area occupied by the tissues were measured in a cross section of the leaves of the forest species: adaxial and abaxial epidermis, palisade and spongy parenchyma. It has been found that the species evaluated were affected by the presence of the pesticide in the soil, and the variable with the largest negative changes was the spongy parenchyma. Among the species, Inga marginata, Schizolobium parahyba and Handroantus. serratifolius had higher tolerance to the herbicide, demonstrating potential for studies on the mechanism by which these plants exert such tolerance. Overall, the results revealed that the forest species studied demonstrate significant alterations in leaf anatomy in response to the presence of residues of herbicide clomazone in the soil, even in leaves with no visible lesions.RESUMO O herbicida clomazone é altamente solúvel em água, fato que aumenta os riscos de lixiviação, acarretando contaminação de mananciais de água subterrâneas e cursos d’água, atingindo organismos não alvos, com possível degradação de matas ciliares. Objetivou-se neste trabalho investigar as possíveis modificações anatômicas do tecido foliar de mudas de 12 espécies arbóreas nativas do Brasil, cultivadas em solo contaminado por clomazone, com o intuito de caracterizar microscopicamente danos foliares causados pelo herbicida, bem como investigar se os danos estruturais precedem os danos visuais. Por meio de avaliações micromorfométricas, foram medidas, em secção transversal das folhas das espécies florestais, a espessura e a área ocupada pelos tecidos: epiderme adaxial e abaxial, parênquima paliçádico e parênquima lacunoso. Constatou-se que as espécies avaliadas foram afetadas pela presença do pesticida no solo, sendo a variável com maiores alterações negativas o parênquima lacunoso. Entre as espécies, Inga marginata, Schizolobium parahyba e Handroantus serratifolius apresentaram maior tolerância ao herbicida, demonstrando potencial para estudos sobre o mecanismo pelo qual estas plantas exercem essa tolerância. De modo geral, os resultados obtidos permitem afirmar que as espécies florestais estudadas apresentam alterações relevantes na anatomia foliar em resposta à presença de resíduos do herbicida clomazone no solo, mesmo em folhas sem injúrias visíveis.

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APA

CABRAL, C. M., SANTOS, J. B., FERREIRA, E. A., COSTA, S. S. D., DALVI, V. C., & FRANCINO, D. M. T. (2017). STRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF DAMAGE CAUSED BY HERBICIDE CLOMAZONE IN LEAVES OF ARBORESCENT SPECIES NATIVE TO BRAZIL. Planta Daninha, 35(0). https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582017350100043

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