Significantly high levels of estrogen and MDA together induce tumor progression in Oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

s: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is believed to possess one of the highest incidences every year in India. A definitive link between tobacco consumption and development of Oral cancer has been repeatedly reported in several studies in the past. Tobacco has been associated with cancer progression in patients of OSCC by the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in membranes upon degradation by free radicals or ROS, produces malondialdehyde (MDA). Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was assessed for the presence of MDA by Lipid peroxidation assay method using the standard protocol. Hematological parameters (RBC count, Hemoglobin level, WBC count and Platelet count) were also studied. Estrogen levels were estimated using estrogen ELISA kit. Statistical analysis produced significant variations. For histopathological study, tissues collected from oral cancer patients were processed, sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. MDA levels were found to be significantly high in OSCC patients. The MDA level increased in serum of Grade I, II & III. Upon comparison with healthy patients, the RBC count was found to be lower, whereas, the WBC count was relatively higher in oral cancer patients. Estrogen levels were higher in male OSCC patients as compared to the female patients. In conclusion, high oxidative stress and high estrogen levels in male patients have a direct linkage with OSCC. Histopathological study uncovers substantial information about cell anatomy.