Microbial and Biotechnological Approaches in the Production of Biofertilizer

Abstract

The biofertilizers are formulations containing live or latent cells of effective microbial strains cultured in the lab and packed in appropriate carriers. When applied to seeds, soil, or plant surfaces, they enhance the availability of plant nutrients and growth stimulus to target crops. Biofertilizers are known to deliver many benefits, including plant nutrition, disease resistance, and tolerance to adverse climatic conditions. During the past few decades, notable progress has been made to explore microbes' potential and for biofertilizer production to enhance agricultural productivity. All biofertilizers are known to be environment-friendly and valuable inputs for the farmers. Their application has been considered an essential component of integrated nutrient management and a potential alternative to chemical-based agriculture due to its vital role in food security and sustainable crop production. Currently, biofertilizer demand and production are gaining momentum, as there is burgeoning passion for organically grown food among the health-conscious societies. Various initiatives and affirmative regulations laid by government institutions and agencies would further be fueling the extension of the biofertilizer market worldwide. Application of these eco-friendly and cost-effective inputs would not only promote growing healthy food, but also help to maintain a sustainable environment and holistic human well-being.