Personalized immunotherapy treatment strategies for a dynamical system of chronic myelogenous leukemia

Abstract

This paper is devoted to exploring personalized applications of cellular immunotherapy as a control strategy for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia described by a dynamical system of three first-order ordinary differential equations. The latter was achieved by applying both the Localization of Compact Invariant Sets and Lyapunov’s stability theory. Combination of these two approaches allows us to establish sufficient conditions on the immunotherapy treatment parameter to ensure the complete eradication of the leukemia cancer cells. These conditions are given in terms of the system parameters and by performing several in silico experimentations, we formulated a protocol for the therapy application that completely eradicates the leukemia cancer cells population for different initial tumour concentrations. The formulated protocol does not dangerously increase the effector T cells population. Further, complete eradication is considered when solutions go below a finite critical value below which cancer cells cannot longer persist; i.e., one cancer cell. Numerical simulations are consistent with our analytical results.