Journalistic ethics and use of images in the Barcelona and Cambrils terrorist attacks: A comparative analysis of 14 national and international digital media

Abstract

The journalistic coverage of the terrorist attacks in Barcelona and Cambrils in 2017 generated an intense debate on the desirability of having published certain particularly sensitive photographs and information. The aim of this work is to examine whether the national and international digital press complied with the main ethical norms on the use of images required in these cases. For this purpose, 14 media were analyzed in their online editions: Ara, El Punt Avui, VilaWeb, Nación Digital, El Nacional, La Vanguardia, El Periódico de Cataluña, El País, El Mundo, The Guardian, Le Monde, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and Süddeutsche Zeitung. The sample includes all the informative pieces published by these media within the first 24 hours of coverage after the terrorist attacks. The results show that several newspapers violated the right to privacy by publishing images that allowed survivors and mortal victims to be identified. In some cases, despite these media taking precautions regarding their contents, they also included links to photographs and videos from other media and users that contained extremely graphic images without warning the readers.