Secondary Metabolites from Colletotrichum phyllanthi, an Endophytic Fungi from Stem of Physalis peruviana and Evaluation of Media Culture

Abstract

Endophytic fungi is a microorganism that grows in plant tissue without giving any negative effect directly against its host. Phytochemistry studies from endophytic fungi have been widely reported and showed that the metabolites have excellent activities. The exploration of secondary metabolites from endophytic fungi of Physalis peruviana well known as a "cecendet"in Indonesia has never been reported before. Therefore, this research aims to isolate the secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungi from stem of P. peruviana. Five known compounds were isolated from MeOH and EtOAc extract of endophytic fungi Colletotrichum phyllanthi resulted two steroid compounds, ergosterol (1), and ergosterol peroxide (2), from MeOH extract of C. phyllanthi mycelia, and from EtOAc extract of C. phyllanthi. The metabolites production of C. phyllanthi was influenced with composition of media cultures. In this research endophytic fungi was cultivated using Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) and Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) media. Two metabolites including tyrosol (3), and uridine (4) were produced by C. phyllanthi through PDB, and another compound that is 1-chloronaphtalene-2-ol (5) was isolated from endophytic fungi while treated by fermentation in TSB. Structure elucidation was achieved using spectroscopic data including 1D, 2D NMR and comparison with reported data. Our results provide a scientific rationale for further explorations into metabolites from endophytic fungi of P. peruviana.