Student under stress

Abstract

Stress is a natural phenomenon, sooner or later experienced by the most Rapid increase in the number of students with health problems, seeking health and advisory services, causes deep concern to parents, schools and wider community. This, in turn, arouses the interest in the research of the negative effects of poor physical and mental health on academic success. Considering the fact that school age population was rarely the subject of research, this paper deals with psycho-social and developmental aspects of stress, namely, with causes, consequences and the strategies for overcoming stressful events in the education of children and adolescents. Life events in which children most often participate and which are also potential sources of stress (stressors) can be classified into familial, interpersonal, personal and academic. Out of numerous identified sources of stress, we have focused our attention on several less researched ones in the field of school life starting school, transition from primary school to secondary and from secondary school to university, peer rejection and problems concerning financing school education. Anxiety, depression and anger were analyzed as the most frequent consequences of unfavorable life events. The following strategies for overcoming stress are most often used by children and adolescents: seeking social support, problem-solving orientation, reduction and avoidance of tension as well as sport and recreation.Stres je prirodan fenomen koji vecina ljudi dozivljava, pre ili kasnije, u svom zivotu. Problem koji izaziva zabrinutost roditelja, skole i sire drustvene sredine je rapidno povecanje broja zdravstveno ugrozenih ucenika koji se obracaju za pomoc zdravstvenim i savetodavnim ustanovama. Ovo je posledicno, dovelo do sve vece zainteresovanosti istrazivaca za negativan uticaj loseg fizickog i mentalnog zdravlja na obrazovanje ucenika. S obzirom na cinjenicu da je populacija ucenika redje bila predmet istrazivanja, u radu su prikazani psihosocijalni i razvojni aspekti stresa, odnosno uzroci posledice i strategije prevladavanja stresnih dogadjaja u procesu vaspitanja i obrazovanja dece i adolescenata. Zivotni dogadjaji u kojima ucenici najcesce ucestvuju i koji su, istovremeno, potencijalni izvori stresa (stresori) mogu se grupisati u okviru porodicne, interpersonalne, personalne i akademske sredine. Od mnostva identifikovanih izvora stresa usmerili smo paznju na nekoliko manje istrazivanih izvora stresa iz domena skolskog zivota: polazak u skolu, prelazak iz osnovne u srednju skolu, prelazak iz srednje skole na univerzitet, vrsnjacka odbacenost i problemi finansiranja skolovanja. Kao najcesce posledice nepovoljnih zivotnih dogadjaja analizirani su: anksioznost depresija i gnev. Od strategija prevladavanja stresa koje deca i adolescenti najcesce primenjuju prikazane su: trazenje socijalne podrske, usmerenost na resavanje problema, redukcija tenzije i izbegavanje i rekreacija i sport.