Potable Water Biotechnology, Membrane Filtration and Biofiltration

Abstract

Membrane filtration is considered as a simplified drinking water treatment process, which can remove organic impurities, as well as metal ions and other ions. Nowadays, membrane processes are increasingly employed for removal of bacteria and other microorganisms, particulate material and natural organic matter, which can impart color, tastes, and odors to the water and react with disinfectants to form disinfection by-products (DBPs). Recently, there have been several advanced technologies derived from the combination of biotechnology and filtration with application for potable water treatment. This chapter describes these techniques which includes biofiltration, membrane bioreactor, ion-exchange membrane bioreactor, and biological activated carbon adsorption-filtration. Several case studies in applying biofiltration for DBP control in bench- and pilot-scale are also demonstrated.