Knowledge and Attitude towards Dysmenorrhea among Health Professions Students: A Cross-sectional Study from Lebanon

Abstract

Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent condition that has physical, psychological, and social impacts on females. Although it is mostly perceived as a healthy part of a well-functioning reproductive system, it may indicate underlying pathologies. Nevertheless, dysmenorrhea’s acknowledgement and discussion are culturally frowned upon, particularly among men in different communities. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of health professions students, both males and females, at Beirut Arab University (BAU) regarding dysmenorrhea. Using a cross-sectional study, 493 students in the health professions faculties at BAU participated in the survey. The health professions faculties included medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, and health sciences (nursing, medical laboratory, physical therapy, nutrition). It was conducted during the period extending from September 2019 till February 2021. Results show 84% of participants were females and 16% were males. Females had a mean score of knowledge (14.31 +/-3.13) out of 24 that was significantly higher than males (12.75 +/- 4.54). The most chosen sources of knowledge about dysmenorrhea were the Internet (57.4%), mothers (47.9%), and schools (47.3%). The correlation between age and knowledge showed that as age increases, knowledge increases (r=0.244). All Participants had a negative attitude towards discussing menstrual symptoms with strangers or friends publicly. Our study also revealed that the majority of participants would discuss menstruation and menstrual pain with their future daughters. Unfortunately, the perception of dysmenorrhea as a topic that should not be discussed openly has led to poor knowledge regarding dysmenorrhea and even caused misconceptions. This is even more seen in males especially in Middle Eastern countries that tend to be more conservative.