Arthroscopic Treatment of Valgus Extension Overload Syndrome

Abstract

Understanding the biomechanics of throwing is important to determine the pathophysiology of valgus extension overload syndrome and to plan an appropriate management protocol for patients with this syndrome. The elbows of baseball pitchers must endure repetitive and excessive valgus forces that typically lead to injuries of the medial and lateral joints and the olecranon, caused by distraction, compression, and rotatory forces, respectively. If undiagnosed or treated inappropriately, the syndrome may lead to debilitating consequences in athletes. Elbow arthroscopy has been invaluable for the diagnosis and treatment of intra-articular pathologies of the elbow. Compared to open procedures, arthroscopic surgeries have allowed not only faster rehabilitation but also expedited return-to- competition in athletes. Yet correct arthroscopic techniques and knowledge of regional elbow anatomy are needed if we are to avoid neurovascular complications and articular damage and improve surgical outcomes in patients with valgus extension overload syndrome.