Studi Fenomenologi:Peran perawat Dalam Penetapan Level Triase

Abstract

Triase adalah proses pengumpulan informasi dari pasien, mengkategorikan dan memprioritaskan kondisi pasien dan merupakan bagian dari upaya manajemen patient safety di rumah sakit khususnya di Instalasi gawat darurat. Model triase yang banyak di gunakan di Dunia termasuk di Indonesia adalah triase lima level yang menempatkan pasien pada lima prioritas yaitu Resucitation, Emergent, Urgent, Nonurgent, Referred. Triase secara otonomi dilakukan oleh perawat yang teregistrasi dan telah mengikuti pelatihan khusus triase. di Indonesia, triase lima level telah digunakan di Rumah sakit umum dan evaluasi terkait pelaksanaannya masih belum banyak terpublikasi. Peran perawat dalam proses triase termasuk hal yang baru dan memerlukan pegkajian lebih mendalam terkait pengalaman perawat terhadap penetapan level triase. Penelitian kuaitatif fenomenologi desktriptif dilakukan pada enam partisipan yang merupakan perawat instalasi gawat darurat yang bekerja di ruang Triase, wawancara mendalam dilakukan dan hasil wawancara di transkrip dan dinalisis menggunakan metode Miles and Huberman (1994). Hasil penelitian didapatkan tiga tema besar yaitu level triase berdasarkan pengkajian primer, perawat belum mandiri, kolaborasi dokter dan perawat. Pelaksanaan triase belum menjadi tindakan mandiri perawat dan merupakan bagian dari tim triase dimana keputusan triase masih bergantung pada dokter. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait efisiensi dan efektifitas pelaksanaan triase oleh perawat di intalasi gawat darurat Abstract Triage is the process of collecting information from patients, categorizing and prioritizing the patient's condition and is part of patient safety management efforts in hospitals, especially in emergency departments. The triage model widely used in the World including Indonesia is a five-level triage that places patients on five priorities: Resucitation, Emergent, Urgent, Nonurgent, Referred. Triage is autonomously performed by registered nurses and has attended special triage training. In Indonesia, a triage of five levels has been used in public hospitals and evaluations related to their implementation have not been widely publicized. The role of nurses in the triage process is novel and requires a more in-depth review of nurses' experience of establishing triage levels. A qualitative study of descriptive phenomenology was performed on six participants who were nurses who worked in the Triage room. Research was conducted by conducting in-depth interviews and the results were analyzed using Miles and hubermen (1997). The research results obtained three major themes namely the level of triage based on the primary assessment, nurses have not been independent, collaboration of doctors and nurses. Implementation of triage has not been a self-sustaining act of nurses and is part of the triage team where triage decisions are still dependent on physicians. Further research is needed regarding the efficiency and effectiveness of triage implementation by nurses in emergency department