Cancer, women, and public health: the history of screening for cervical cancer

  • Löwy I
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Abstract

Cytological screening for cervical cancer (the Pap smear), the first attempt at mass screening for a human malignancy, is often presented as a non-problematic demonstration of the feasibility of such screening. Screening for this tumor became a model for screening for other malignancies: breast, colon and prostate. My text follows the early history of the Pap smear and the conditions that led to its transformation into a routine screening test, despite persistent problems in stabilizing the readings of microscopic slides. It then analyzes the consequences of diffusion of the Pap smear, controversies surrounding this test, the mutual shaping of diagnostic tests and the disease cervical cancer, and the problematic extension of the lessons learned in screening for cervical tumors to other malignancies.O exame citológico para verificação do câncer cervical (teste de Papanicolau), primeira tentativa de investigação em massa de um câncer humano maligno, é com frequência apresentado como demonstração não problemática da exequibilidade do exame. Ele se tornou um modelo para outros tumores malignos: seio, cólon, próstata. O presente artigo analisa a história inicial do teste de Papanicolau e as condições de sua transformação num exame de rotina, apesar de dificuldades de estabilizar as leituras das lâminas microscópicas. Analisa as consequências da difusão da técnica, as controvérsias a esse respeito, a modelagem articulada do teste diagnóstico e da doença câncer cervical e a problemática aplicação a outros cânceres das lições aprendidas com o exame de tumores cervicais.

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APA

Löwy, I. (2010). Cancer, women, and public health: the history of screening for cervical cancer. História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos, 17(suppl 1), 53–67. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702010000500004

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