Characteristics of blood flow in intrauterine growth-restricted fetuses with hypercoiled cord

Abstract

Objective. To clarify the characteristics of fetoplancental blood flow of growth-restricted fetuses with hypercoiled umbilical cord. Subjects. Eight growth-restricted fetuses with hypercoiled cord. Methods. Flow velocity waveforms of the umbilical cord artery and vein, fetal abdominal aorta and fetal inferior vena cava were analyzed. Results. The resistance index in the umbilical artery in the hypercoiled cases was lower than that in normal fetuses. Early-diastolic reversed flow was observed in the abdominal aorta in some cases. In all cases, umbilical venous pulsation was observed in the entire cord until delivery. In one case, fetal heart failure occurred, resulting in premature delivery. An atrophic type of single umbilical artery was observed in four cases. Conclusion. Fetal blood flow disturbance caused by a hypercoiled umbilical cord may be a cause of growth restriction.