Factors Relating to Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Introduction: Anemia is a condition in which the blood's hemoglobin concentration is abnormally low as a result of the lack of one or more essential nutrients. Caused by iron de fi ciency, this condition can impair the mental and psychomotor development, reduce the individual's work performance, reduce resistance to infection and causeared maternal and child morbidity and mortality. In pregnant women, the causes for the development of this anemic context are varied and include a nutritional de fi ciency and hormonal problems related to the menstrual cycle and endometrial and pregnancy complications. Objective: Identifying the factors associated with iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Method: This is an integrative literature review. The databases were consulted LILACS and PubMed. It used the descriptors: anemia, iron deficiency anemia, pregnant and pregnancy. The results were obtained through the selection of 06 articles through a detailed readingand then the data were organized in frames summaries. Results: Anemia during pregnancy is not caused by an isolated factorand should be treated as a problem of different causes. The factorsrelated to iron de fi ciency anemia in pregnancy, referred to by theauthors were: socio-economic, with reports in three articles; obstetric,mentioned by fi ve analyzed products; and health indicators in four articles. All the evidence has been proven statistically by multivariate analysis with logistic regression model or linear, except for one study, where analysis was univariate.