As formas africanas de auto-inscrição

  • Mbembe A
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Abstract

O objetivo do texto é analisar e criticar as diferentes formas com as quais se tentou construir e representar a identidade africana a partir, basicamente, de um discurso nativista, por um lado, e outro instrumentalista, da África e de seu povo. Baseado em uma interpretação crítica dos diversos essencialismos construídos em torno de uma suposta leitura pan-africana e consensual do mundo, o autor alerta para os perigos advindos da busca irrefletida de uma alteridade africana sem o devido reconhecimento das especificidades culturais, políticas e geográficas em África. Tanto o economicismo quanto a metafísica da diferença são historicismos vistos pelo autor como formas fadadas ao fracasso, tendo em vista a pluralidade de signos e contextos com as quais se tentou construir a autodeterminação e a auto-afirmação africanas ao longo do século XX.The objective of this paper is to analyze and criticize the different endeavors to build and display African identity, basically starting with a chauvinist discussion on one hand, and an instrumental one on the other, on Africa and its people. Based on a critical interpretation of the various essential points made regarding a supposed consensual world Pan-African survey, the author warns against the perils originating from a thoughtless search of an African alterity without duly acknowledging African cultural, political and geographical specifics. Both the economicism and the metaphysics of the difference are historicisms seen by the author as doomed to fail, considering the plurality of signs and contexts on which African self-registration and self-affirmation were based throughout the 20th century.Dans ce texte on cherche à examiner et remettre en cause les différents moyens employés dans la construction et la représentation de l’identité africaine, à partir d’un discours à la fois nativiste et instrumentaliste sur l’Afrique et son peuple, surtout. En prenant appui sur une interprétation critique des différents essentialismes bâtis autour d’une présumée lecture pan-africaine et consensuelle du monde, l’auteur signale les dangers d’une recherche irréfléchie de l’altérité africaine qui ne tiendrait pas compte des spécificités culturelles, politiques et géographiques de ce continent. L’économisme ainsi que la métaphysique de la différence sont des historicismes que l’auteur envisage comme des chemins voués à l’échec, face à la pluralité de signes et de contextes dont on s’est servi pour construire l’auto-détermination et l’auto-affirmation africaines au cours du XX siècle.

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APA

Mbembe, A. (2001). As formas africanas de auto-inscrição. Estudos Afro-Asiáticos, 23(1), 171–209. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0101-546x2001000100007

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