Modifikasi dan Karakterisasi Pati Batang Kelapa Sawit Secara Hidrolisis sebagai Bahan Baku Bioplastik

Abstract

MODIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL PALM TRUNKS STARCH BY HYDROLYSIS AS BIOPLASTIC RAW MATERIAL. The oil palm trunk has a high starch content and thus has the potential to be used as a bioplastic material. Amylose content in the oil palm starch can be increased through a modification process with acetate solvent. The purpose of this study is to improve the chemical (amylose content) and thermal characteristics of modified oil palm starch as a bioplastic raw material. In this work, the oil palm starch was obtained through the extraction process. Modification of oil palm starch was carried out using acetate solution (CH3COOH + CH3COONa) pH 7. Characterization of the oil palm starch included chemical composition (moisture content, ash, protein, fat, amylose, and amylopectin), functional groups, and thermal characteristics. The results showed that amylose content in the modified oil palm starch increased from 26% to 29%. The presence of straight chains in amylose would increase starch stability. Thermal Gravimetry Analysis (TGA) results showed that the modified oil palm starch would degraded faster than that of non-modified/natural oil palm starch, whereas Derivative Thermal Gravimetry (DTG) and analisis Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) data also showed a smaller mass reduction of modified oil palm starch than that of non-modified / natural oil palm starch. Further, the modified oil palm starch has a lower Tg (Gelatinization Temperature). The results of this could be applied as a raw material for environmentally friendly bioplastics.