Sustainable Development of Microbial Community in Some Localities in the Desert Soil of Egypt

Abstract

Cultivation of desert is considered as great challenge because it’s characterized by its poor organic matter, lower in microbial population and subjected to different stress like drought and salinity. By increasing in world population, the cultivation of desert soils became essential to keep food security. Extensive applications of mineral fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture had led to pollution, land degradation and reducing soil fertility. So research has been directed for improving crop yield and sustainable development of desert soil using bioorganic agriculture as safe and effective means. Biofertilizers improve nutient contents in soil by increasing the availability of some macronutrients like nitrogen and phosphorous. Biofertilizers improve soil health, reduce environmental pollution due to excessive use of chemicals in agriculture, Biofertilizer application improve soil structure, and help achieve cleaning agriculture or biorganic agriculture. Application of biofertilizers to desert soil in different localities through several types of research gave synergistic effect with beneficial microorganisms in soil by stimulating their activities which have been reflected on increasing soil fertility and productivity.