NEUROGENIC PULMONARY EDEMA: KOMPLIKASI YANG MENGANCAM JIWA AKIBAT KERUSAKAN BERAT SISTEM SARAF PUSAT

Abstract

ABSTRACT Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) is one of the complications due to severe damage of the central nervous system (CNS). The incidence is about 2-8% in the world and  still rarely reported. Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) commonly found in cases of intracranial hemorrhage such as SDH, SAH, and ICH, in conditions of uncontrolled epilepsy and recurrent seizures, and in some cases of spinal cord trauma. The pathogenesis of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) cannot be fully understood, but there are 2 theories of the occurrence of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE), the first namely as theory of hemodynamic changes and the second is NPE trigger zones involving the central control of the brain's autonomic and cardiovascular system. Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) has an acute and chronic onset, which is characterized by ARDS-like symptoms such as dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, reddish sputum, crackles in auscultation, and radiological features in the form of diffuse alveolar infiltrat bilateral. Early recognition of signs and symptoms of Neurogenic Pulmonary Edema (NPE) can improve the patient's outcome. Initial treatment of this condition uses two management principles, first overcoming the underlying disease condition and second is supportive therapy, such as mechanical ventilator, ECMO, and transpulmonary thermodilution, the use of diuretics, and controlling fluid therapy.