ENSO, Atlantic Climate Variability, and the Walker and Hadley Circulations

Abstract

The Hadley and Walker Circulations are fundamental regulators of the Earth's energy budget. Although the Hadley Circulation a well-known concept, surprisingly little attention has been paid to understanding both short and long-term variability of the system. This book reviews current knowledge of Hadley and Walker circulation dynamics and their interactions with the major global monsoon systems, and evaluates paleoclimatic records within the domain of the Hadley Circulation that shed light on past variability of climate over the last 1000 years, the Holocene (the last 11,500 years), glacial periods, and warm climate periods in the past.