Characterisation of Fe Doped Layered Cathode Material as Nano-Rechargeable Batteries

Abstract

This research focuses on the layered doped lithium conductive metal oxides with the universal form Li MO2 (M = Co, Ni, Ag or Fe doped solutions) adjustment of cathode electrodes for lithium-ion cells (LIBs). Preparation in a low temperature combustion reaction promotes its electrochemical efficiency. The modification starts with the preparation of the LiCo0.5Ni0.45Fe0.5O2 (LCNFO) powder with citric acid, which is used as fuel, along with deionized water (DW). As binding materials, nitrate of ions (Li+) and ions (Fe+) were added to this mixture to create a uniformed mixture. The required amount of citric acid and de-ionised water was added to this unified mixture to create a powder. This powder was cautiously heated to 150 C0-200C0 initially, and finally annealed at a range from 600 C0 to 1000 C0 for six hours. The resulting product was submitted to a thermal analysis (TGA), which is a useful tool to explore a wide array of polymer properties. This research demonstrates the different applications of TA methods in the field of polymer-nanomaterial research and displays several examples of implementation of the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). TGA was deployed to investigate the performance of thermal characteristics, which vary with the temperature, for the illustrations and structural characterisation, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and analysis. A meticulous annealed temperature will output pure, single phase LCNFO / NP material with electrochemical behaviour. The powder was studied, and the dimensions of the cathode material were designed approximately for the XRD data using the Scherer's equation. Furthermore, we used the Fourier transform for the IR (FT-IR) and surface morphology EDS and SEM analysis. The results focused on modifying the LiCoO2 of the cathode materials by adding materials that are similar to Ni and Fe because these materials are documented as being their own state and not contaminated with the hexagonal geometry arrangement and R three m (gap assembly). We noticed that doped Fe has material that will perform better according to the capacity, power, rate capability stability and low cost, with increased storage capacity due to the nano-size effects.