Vaccination of colorectal cancer patients with CEA-loaded dendritic cells: Antigen-specific T cell responses in DTH skin tests

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Abstract

Background: Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen-presenting cells of the immune system. As such they are currently used in clinical vaccination protocols in cancer patients. Patients and methods: We evaluated the ability of mature DCs pulsed with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-peptide to induce CEA-specific T cell responses in patients with resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer. CEA-specific T cell reactivity was monitored in peripheral blood, biopsies of vaccination sites and post-treatment DTH skin tests, and when available also in resected abdominal lymph nodes and tumor tissue. Results: Ten patients were vaccinated intradermally and intravenously with CEA-peptide pulsed mature DCs three times prior to resection of liver metastases. High numbers of CEA-specific T cells were detected in post-treatment DTH biopsies in seven out of 10 patients, which produced high amounts of interferon (IFN)-γ upon stimulation with CEA-loaded target cells. These responses were not found in biopsies of first vaccination sites, indicating a de novo T cell induction or at least a strong potentiation by the vaccine. In addition, CEA-specific T cells were detected in a resected lymph node in one patient, but not in peripheral blood or tumor tissue. Conclusions: Vaccination with CEA-peptide loaded mature DCs induced potent CEA-specific T cell responses in advanced colorectal cancer patients. In this study, antigen-specific T cell responses were readily detected in DTH skin tests, much less in abdominal lymph nodes, and not in peripheral blood and tumor tissue. © 2006 Oxford University Press.

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Lesterhuis, W. J., de Vries, I. J. M., Schuurhuis, D. H., Boullart, A. C. I., Jacobs, J. F. M., de Boer, A. J., … Punt, C. J. A. (2006). Vaccination of colorectal cancer patients with CEA-loaded dendritic cells: Antigen-specific T cell responses in DTH skin tests. Annals of Oncology, 17(6), 974–980. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdl072

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