Diabetes mellitus as a predictor of retinopathy associated with acute myocardial infarction

Abstract

Background: A unique transient retinopathy characterized by soft exudates around the optic disc after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been reported, so in the present study the risk factors for retinopathy associated with AMI (RAMI) were investigated. Methods and Results: The study group comprised 62 patients with their first AMI who underwent successful PCI within 24 h of onset (48 men, 14 women; age 63±10 years). The fundus of each eye was assessed on days 3-5, and again at 4 weeks after AMI onset. New soft exudates developed in 29 patients (47%) at 4 weeks. The frequency of diabetes mellitus (DM), and the hemoglobin A1c and peak creatine kinase concentrations were higher in patients with than in those without RAMI (55% vs 21%, P=0.008; 7.0±2.0% vs 5.9±1.4%, P=0.013; and 3,428±2,210IU/L vs 2,352±1,652IU/L, P=0.036, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified DM as an independent predictive factor for the occurrence of RAMI (odds ratio, 6.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.68-25.90; P=0.007). Conclusions: DM might be a risk factor for RAMI.