Changing patterns of research funding (1960-2000)

Abstract

This paper examines the changes in gorgernment policies relating to the funding of scientific research which have seen the reliance on the direct funding of individual researchers, which was the dominant mode of funding in the 1960's, be replaced by a more complex array of funding forms, many of them aimed at support of large networks of researchers, from different disciplines and institutional backgrounds, working on problems of potential economic or social significance. The emergence of these new social terms in examined in the cases of Canada, Chile, and South Africa.