In vitro study of Cratoxylum glaucumStem ethyl acetate extract as antidiabetic

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to decreased insulin secretion, or decreased insulin sensitivity, or both. If insulin is not available or the amount is low, then glucose cannot enter the cells and will continue to be in the bloodstream. DM can cause chronic complications such as eye complications, skin infections and stroke. DM treatment takes a long time by using synthetic drugs that will cause side effects, therefore the search for herbal-based drugs is the community's choice. Idat plant (Cratoxylum glaucum) is a local plant from Bangka Belitung. Several studies on the genus Cratoxylum from China and Thailand showed a very high inhibitory ability against the inhibition of a-glucosidase enzymes, protein tyrosine phosphate, and carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes because they contain phenolic compounds anthraquinones and xanthones. Therefore, the importance of more intensive research on C. glaucum species regarding the content of secondary metabolites in C. glaucum stems and their antidiabetic power. The extraction method in this research is maceration with ethyl acetate solvent. Qualitative examination of phenolic and flavonoid content using reagents, as well as antidiabetic testing was carried out in vitro with dengan α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition method. Based on qualitative testing of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, the content of these compounds was obtained. antidiabetic test showed that the-glucosidase inhibitor of ethyl acetate extract had very strong activity with an IC50 of 4.21 g/mL. Therefore, the stem of the idat plant can be used as a therapy for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.